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Major Outbreaks of Leptospirosis

In view of a massive ongoing outbreak in Manila, the following chronology of published large outbreaks (>50 cases) of leptospirosis was abstracted from GIDEON. Outbreaks known to be associated with heavy rains or flooding are denoted by * A number of additional outbreaks have been associated with floods, but without specific mention of case numbers. Thus, a major outbreak in Krasnodar (Russia) in 1997 followed local flooding; as did epidemics in China during 1962 to 1963, 1966, 1973 to 1974 and 1984.

The Epidemiology module in GIDEON currently contains details of 8,910 Infectious Diseases outbreaks (Primary references are available on request)

YearCases (fatal)LocationDetails
1931126Portugalascribed to entry of rat urine into drinking fountain
1933 to 193486Chilethe first identification of leptospirosis in Chile
1942 to 1944120United Statesserovar. Automnalis , in Fort Bragg, North Carolina (thus "Fort Bragg Fever").
195050United Statesassociated with pig contamination of a creek
1953114Japanfollowed swimming in river contaminated by dogs
196461United Statescattle contamination suspected
1980104Albania
198793Republic of Korea *
1989144 (6)New Caledonia
199279Cubaaffected primarily sugar cane cutters
19952,419 (48)Nicaragua *
19961,425 (22)Brazil
1996326 (50)Brazil
1997562 (68)India
199868Honduras *
19982,000 (7)Kazakhstan
1999143 (28)India *
1999200 (19)New Caledonia
199972Peruoutbreak among military recruits
2000157 (13)Brazil
200080 (0)Malaysiaassociated with an international sporting event
2000143India *
2001129 (0)New Caledonia
2002143 (11)India
200380Ecuador *
2003204 (27)India
2004550 (75)India
2004141 (12)Kenyaoutbreak among high school students
200480Russian Federationfollowed swimming in a river
200565Russian Federationfollowed swimming in a river
2005(100 fatal)India *
2005108 (16)Guyana *
2006258India
20061,400 (31)Thailand *
2006150 (60)India *
2007100Jamaica *
2007 (py)1,516India(py = publication year )
2007400Argentina. *
2007200 (25)Dom. Republic *2,539 cases were reported nationwide
200870Guyana *
2008135New Caledonia *
20084,500 (1,150)Sri Lanka *
Chronology of published large outbreaks (>50 cases) of leptospirosis abstracted from GIDEON
* Specifically noted to associated with flooding.

Update: Reported in ProMED

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